Analysis of nutritional status and oral veillonella in caries-free and caries-affected preschool children in Manitoba

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dc.contributor.authorLee, Victor
dc.contributor.examiningcommitteeChelikani, Prashen (Oral Biology)en_US
dc.contributor.examiningcommitteeNickel, Nathan (Community Health Sciences)en_US
dc.contributor.supervisorSchroth, Robert
dc.date.accessioned2022-06-01T17:24:24Z
dc.date.available2022-06-01T17:24:24Z
dc.date.copyright2022-06-01
dc.date.issued2022-05-18
dc.date.submitted2022-05-18T17:09:23Zen_US
dc.date.submitted2022-06-01T16:46:28Zen_US
dc.degree.disciplineCommunity Health Sciencesen_US
dc.degree.levelMaster of Science (M.Sc.)en_US
dc.description.abstractIntroduction: Early childhood caries (ECC) is a widespread, multifactorial disease. Dental decay is a result of low-pH demineralization caused by acidogenic bacteria living in oral biofilms. Nutrition is a key determinant of ECC, as these bacteria require fermentable carbohydrates to grow. Veillonella are important bacteria that facilitate the activity of acidogenic bacteria by removing excess lactate products. A majority of oral microbiome studies focus on the importance of well-known cariogenic bacteria, such as Streptococcus mutans, while few studies have characterized Veillonella in ECC. The purpose of this study was to gain a greater understanding of the relationship between nutrition, oral Veillonella, and ECC. Methods: A case-control study design was used. The nutritional profiles of 158 children (75 caries-free, 83 with ECC) from Manitoba were determined via NutriSTEP (Nutrition Screening Tool for Every Preschooler and Toddler). Veillonella species were assessed using relative abundance data from 16S rRNA sequencing of dental plaque samples. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to estimate the association of ECC with NutriSTEP scores and relative abundance of Veillonella. Results: Caries-affected children tended to be older, established residents, Indigenous, live in rural or remote areas, and have less-educated parents (p ≤ 0.05). Children with ECC had higher total NutriSTEP scores (23.7 ± 6.8) than children without ECC (21.1 ± 6.6; p ≤ 0.05). Relative abundance data revealed significantly higher levels of Veillonella dispar, Streptococcus mutans, and Streptococcus salivarius in caries-affected children (p ≤ 0.05). Children with a high abundance of Veillonella parvula (OR = 2.33; 95% CI: 1.10, 4.91) and greater nutritional risk/NutriSTEP scores (OR = 1.08; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.14) were more likely to experience ECC than children with insignificant levels of the bacteria and lower nutritional risk/NutriSTEP scores. Conclusions: Our findings reflect the importance of Veillonella dispar and Veillonella parvula for ECC, and support a tentative association between oral Veillonella, nutrition, and dental caries. Children with abundant oral Veillonella and greater nutritional risk may be more susceptible to ECC. Future research including metagenomic and mechanistic studies are needed to characterize the causative role of Veillonella in ECC.en_US
dc.description.noteOctober 2022en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1993/36525
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.rightsopen accessen_US
dc.subjectearly childhood cariesen_US
dc.subjectnutritionen_US
dc.subjectveillonellaen_US
dc.subjectdental cariesen_US
dc.subjectearly childhood oral healthen_US
dc.subjectNutriSTEPen_US
dc.subjectoral microbiomeen_US
dc.subjectnutritional risken_US
dc.titleAnalysis of nutritional status and oral veillonella in caries-free and caries-affected preschool children in Manitobaen_US
dc.typemaster thesisen_US
local.subject.manitobayesen_US
oaire.awardTitleUniversity of Manitoba Graduate Fellowshipen_US
oaire.awardURIhttps://umanitoba.ca/graduate-studies/funding-awards-and-financial-aid/university-manitoba-graduate-fellowship-umgfen_US
project.funder.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010318en_US
project.funder.nameUniversity of Manitobaen_US
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