Manitoba Heritage Theses

Permanent URI for this collection

http://hdl.handle.net/1993/3098

Contains full text Manitoba-related theses dating from 1902 to the present.

The University of Manitoba Libraries gratefully acknowledges the financial support of the Manitoba Department of Heritage, Culture, Tourism and Sport in the digitization of many of these theses.

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Now showing 1 - 5 of 6446

Open Access
Incidence of gasoline taxes in Canada: an event study approach to estimating pass-through
(2024-12-11) Vortia, Pooja; Shartaj, Mostafa (Agribusiness and Agricultural Economics); Mann, Janelle (Economics); Lawley, Chad
This study investigates the city-level pass-through rates of provincial and carbon tax changes on wholesale and retail gasoline prices in Canada from 1998 to 2024. Focusing on tax increases and decreases, the analysis measures pass-through rates to explore the impact of tax policies on gasoline prices across Canada. This study also analyses the tax incidence of medium/small cities and large cities separately to examine regional pass-through rates. Data is collected from Kent Marketing Ltd and Statistics Canada to create panel datasets for an event-based difference-in-difference model. Event plots show an immediate response in retail gasoline prices following tax changes; however, retail prices begin to adjust even before the implementation of tax policies. The estimated pass-through rate of gasoline tax increases on retail prices is 100% in the 9-week window and 88% in the 17-week window. For tax decreases, the pass-through rates are even higher, at 120% in the 9-week window and 140% in the 17-week window. The analysis also reveals the significant impact of tax changes on retail prices in medium/small cities and large cities. However, the study finds that the impact of gasoline tax changes on wholesale prices is statistically insignificant for both the 9-week and 17-week windows. Additionally, results from the 9-week window gasoline tax analysis without fixed effects and covariates are insignificant, underscoring the importance of accounting for these factors. In conclusion, the findings of this study emphasize the crucial role of provincial and carbon tax policies in shaping retail gasoline prices, while highlighting the limited impact on wholesale prices in Canada.
Open Access
The agential torrent: an a/r/tographic exploration of face-to-face classroom encounters
(2024-12-18) Clark, Tony; Irwin, Rita (Curriculum and Pedagogy, University of British Columbia); De Oliveira Jayme, Bruno (Curriculum, Teaching and Learning); Black, Joanna
After two years (2019-2021) of frustrating online crisis teaching in response to COVID-19, I came to a new appreciation of what I had previously taken for granted in my classroom teaching experiences. Provoked by a tangible feeling of loss, this thesis investigates the abiding question of how to better understand and describe the experience of bodies participating in an educational setting. Using a/r/tography and self-study research methodologies, and by applying the onto-epistemology of agential realism and an embodied cognition framework, this paper and graphic novel examines the agential and embodied nature of face-to-face classroom interactions (both human and non-human). The paper attempts to describe the intensely interconnected, multifaceted, and overwhelmingly complicated relations (involving actants) continually forming and reforming - a torrent of agency. Three a/r/tographic renderings are employed in the graphic novel: (1) intra-actions between agential classroom bodies are comprised of waves; (2) the nature of these multi-layered and interweaving intra-actions is entangled; and (3) the ongoing and discursive nature of these intra-actions results in emergence. This resplendent maelstrom of classroom phenomena is contrasted with the diminutive and capitalistic neoliberal educational narrative. The research was provoked by the imposed juxtaposition of these two paradigms during the onset of COVID-19 and subsequent moves to sustain society and the education system through online crisis learning. The paper concludes with discussion questions as prompted in the graphic novel to further the reader’s collaborative study of face-to-face learning.
Open Access
Acute and chronic isotonic resistance exercise vs. eccentric quasi-isometric resistance exercise: Exploring sex-differences in physiological, biomechanical, and performance-based measures
(2024-12-18) Henderson, Zachariah; Cornish, Stephen (Applied Health Sciences); Gordon, Joseph (Nursing); Chilibeck, Philip (Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan); Scribbans, Trisha; Glazebrook, Cheryl
Context: The combination of extended isometric and eccentric muscle actions (i.e., eccentric quasi-isometric resistance exercise (EQI-RE)) is postulated to have advantages over traditional isotonic resistance exercise (TRD-RE), and researchers and practitioners have suggested potential applications in both training and rehabilitation contexts. Studies investigating EQI-RE have yet to evaluate many purported benefits directly, such as greater time under tension, motor unit recruitment, muscle co-contraction/activation, improvements in strength and hypertrophy, and have not compared sex-differences. As females are generally more resistant to fatigue than males, and exercise volume during EQI-RE will be a function of fatiguability, females may exhibit differing neuromuscular responses to EQI-RE, while accruing more exercise volume, potentially leading to sex-differences in musculotendinous adaptations to EQI-RE. Objective: In trained and untrained males and females, the thesis investigated overall and/or sex-related differences in the acute fatigue response, as well as strength and hypertrophy adaptations to unilateral TRD-RE and EQI-RE of the elbow flexors. Methods: Using isokinetic dynamometry and surface electromyography (sEMG), study one examined sex-differences in the acute kinematic, kinetic, and muscle excitation response during successive unilateral EQI-RE elbow flexion sets. Using a unilateral dumbbell protocol, study two compared acute sex-differences in time under tension, muscle excitation, and co-activation between TRD-RE and EQI-RE. With this protocol, study three used b-mode ultrasonography and estimated 1-repetition maximum testing to evaluate elbow flexor hypertrophy and strength after 8-weeks of TRD-RE or EQI-RE, and between males and females. Results: Females were generally less fatigable than males for both TRD-RE and EQI-RE. Greater and faster muscle excitation was produced by TRD-RE, although there were no appreciable differences in agonist-antagonist co-activation. Females accrued more exercise volume from both TRD-RE and EQI-RE, but there were no sex-differences in muscle hypertrophy and strength. TRD-RE produced significantly greater relative increases in muscle hypertrophy and strength than EQI-RE. Conclusion: The thesis does not equivocally support the proposed benefits of EQI-RE. Females were less fatigable than males during EQI-RE and TRD-RE, but this did not lead to sex-differences in muscle hypertrophy or strength. Overall, TRD-RE was more effective for improving strength and hypertrophy, although EQI-RE still produced significant increases in untrained individuals.
Open Access
Who is school fundraising desirable for? Understanding social class differences in parental fundraising
(2024-12-15) Livingston, Emily; Young, Jon (Educational Administration, Foundations & Psychology); Hajer, Jesse (Economics); Goel, Priya (California State University Dominguez Hills); Yoon, Ee-Seul
This dissertation explores how parents engage with school fundraising in the public education system; specifically, it examines parental fundraising at elementary schools in River North School Division (pseudonym), a large public school division in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. Previous research has shown that fundraising allows parents to engage and hold influence in schools, but it also creates inequities between communities of different socioeconomic status and fundraising capacity. However, few explored the question: Why and how does parental engagement with fundraising differ between elementary schools, especially in the prairie provinces of Canada? This dissertation focuses on four major aspects of fundraising: (1) the relationships parent fundraisers have with administrators and staff at their schools, (2) parents’ motivations for getting involved, (3) the resources parents draw from to be successful, and (4) the barriers parents face in their fundraising efforts. Drawing on the theories of Pierre Bourdieu and Annette Lareau, and using a comparative case study approach, data was gathered by interviewing nine individuals associated with River North Division elementary schools, analyzing over 200 documents related to fundraising in these schools, and using Statistics Canada census data to create community profiles for each school’s catchment. While there were some similarities across all River North schools, clear social class differences in fundraising practices emerged. Parental fundraising is becoming an increasingly normalized way for parents to engage with schools in the highest socio-economic communities, allowing them to generate significantly greater resources for their schools. This dissertation argues that more must be done to ensure that community wealth and parental contributions do not determine what resources and supports students can access in the public education system.
Open Access
Spatial analysis of the environmental risks of rail lines and industrial sites in Point Douglas and South St. Boniface, Winnipeg, Canada
(2024-12-11) Eze, Ijeoma; Ayambire, Raphael (City Planning); Milgrom, Richard (City Planning); Thompson, Shirley
Rail and industrial operations pose significant environmental and safety risks. This study conducted a spatial analysis of these risks in Point Douglas and South St. Boniface, Winnipeg, Canada. Using ArcGIS, the rail network, industrial sites, and land uses in these areas were mapped, with a focus on the proximity of rail lines and industrial sites to vulnerable land uses. The analysis identified populations at risk from potential hazards such as fires, spills, or train derailments involving dangerous goods, which may require evacuation or isolation. The findings underscore the need for mitigation strategies and policy interventions to reduce environmental and safety risks in these communities.

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