The relationship between higher rates of COVID-19 and infrastructure on First Nations Reserves in Manitoba

dc.contributor.authorAdegun, Ajarat
dc.contributor.examiningcommitteeLix, Lisa (Community Health Sciences)en_US
dc.contributor.examiningcommitteeBallard, Myrle (Chemistry)en_US
dc.contributor.supervisorThompson, Shirley
dc.date.accessioned2023-04-25T16:15:14Z
dc.date.available2023-04-25T16:15:14Z
dc.date.copyright2023-03-30
dc.date.issued2023-03-30
dc.date.submitted2023-03-30T21:16:27Zen_US
dc.degree.disciplineNatural Resources Instituteen_US
dc.degree.levelMaster of Natural Resources Management (M.N.R.M.)en_US
dc.description.abstractIn this study, I conducted an ecological analysis at the community level to examine the association between COVID-19 case rates and socioeconomic with infrastructure characteristics in 22 First Nations and 27 non-First Nations communities in Manitoba. I analyzed the association between COVID-19 case rates and socioeconomic variables using linear (bivariate and multivariate) regression and spatial analyses. The data on COVID-19 rates up to June 01, 2021, was obtained from the Government of Manitoba public COVID-19 data portal. The infrastructure and socioeconomic data were obtained from publicly available datasets, including the 2021 Statistics Canada population census database, the Government of Canada database on Indigenous peoples and communities, Government of Manitoba Regional Health Authorities. Information on the geographical coordinates of the communities was from the Canadian Geographical Names Database (CGNDB). The simple linear regression showed COVID-19 case rates in Manitoba were significantly associated with the community rates for (a) unsuitable housing (standardized regression coefficient [β] = 0.65, coefficient of determination [R2]= 0.42, p < 0.05), (b) average household size (β = 0.60, R2 = 0.36, p < 0.05), (c) major repairs in housing needed (β = 0.55, R2 = 0.30, p < 0.05), (d) access to a service centre (β = - 0.45, R2 = 0.21, p < 0.05), (e) proximity to a hospital (β = - 0.56, R2 = 0.31, p < 0.05), (f) median after-tax income (β = - 0.50, R2 = 0.25, p < 0.05), and (g) college degree or higher (β = - 0.47, R2 = 0.22, p < 0.05). There was no significant association between COVID-19 rates and high school degree ((β = - 0.45, R2 = 0.21, not significant). Unsuitable housing was the only statistically significant variable in the multivariate regression (β = 1.59, p < 0.05), and the multivariate model accounted for 58% of the variance observed in the COVID-19 rates. The maps showed that First Nations in northern Manitoba suffered the most from high COVID-19 rates. Pandemic interventions and post-pandemic policies should ensure every community has adequate standard housing, equal access to hospitals, basic income, educational opportunities and road access, particularly in First Nations.en_US
dc.description.noteMay 2023en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipMino Bimaadiziwinen_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1993/37291
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.rightsopen accessen_US
dc.subjectCOVID-19en_US
dc.subjectinfrastructureen_US
dc.subjectIndigenous communitiesen_US
dc.subjectFirst Nationsen_US
dc.subjectHealth equityen_US
dc.titleThe relationship between higher rates of COVID-19 and infrastructure on First Nations Reserves in Manitobaen_US
dc.typemaster thesisen_US
local.subject.manitobayesen_US
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