Red osier dogwood extracts as alternatives to in-feed antibiotics in broiler chickens
| dc.contributor.author | Mogire, Marion | |
| dc.contributor.examiningcommittee | O, Karmin (Animal Science) | en_US |
| dc.contributor.examiningcommittee | Liu, Song (Biosystems Engineering) | en_US |
| dc.contributor.supervisor | Yang, Chengbo (Animal Science) Rodas-Gonzàlez, Argenis (Animal Science) | en_US |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2020-08-21T18:11:03Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2020-08-21T18:11:03Z | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2020-07-08 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2020 | en_US |
| dc.date.submitted | 2020-07-08T18:23:29Z | en_US |
| dc.degree.discipline | Animal Science | en_US |
| dc.degree.level | Master of Science (M.Sc.) | en_US |
| dc.description.abstract | This thesis was conducted to investigate the efficacy of red osier dogwood extracts (RDE) as alternatives to in-feed antibiotics on the growth performance, digestive and absorptive functions, intestinal microbiota and meat quality in broiler chickens. A total of 320 1-day-old Cobb 500 chicks with an initial weight of 48.3 ± 3.3 g were assigned to 4 dietary treatments fed in 3 phases and provided in mash form for 46 days. The treatments were:1) negative control (NC) corn-soybean basal diet, 2) positive control (PC) basal diet and 30 ppm avilamycin, 3) basal diet supplemented with 1000 ppm RDE (RDE1) 4) basal diet with 3000 ppm RDE (RDE2). Each treatment was assigned 8 replicate pens, where n=80 per treatment and raised on floor pens of sizes 4,808.5 sq. inches with straw as bedding. Growth performance data was recorded for 41 days. Sampling of heart, liver, spleen, intestinal segments and digesta was conducted on day 45. Breast meat was collected on day 46 in a commercial slaughterhouse. The results showed that the RDE had no effect on the average daily gain, average daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio and relative organ weight of broiler chickens. The RDE2 treatment reduced the mortality rate during the whole experimental period, suggesting that RDE has the ability to improve livability. The results also showed that RDE1 and RDE2 supplementation altered the diversity of ileal and cecal microbiota and RDE2 increased the ileal digestibility of crude fat and amino acids and nutrient transporters mRNA gene expressions and the villus: crypt ratio of jejunum, while RDE1 and RDE2 reduced the mRNA expression of tight junction proteins, suggesting that the RDE supplementation improved the intestinal environment and functions. There was no significant difference among the treatment means of white striping and woody breast scores and their incidence. Moreover, meat quality showed no difference in the pH, drip loss, myofibrillar fragmentation index, shear force, lipid peroxidation and cook traits. However, a high dosage of RDE (3 g/kg) reduced redness when compared to the negative control group. In conclusion, RDE may be used as potential alternatives to in-feed antibiotics in broiler chickens. | en_US |
| dc.description.note | October 2020 | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/1993/34883 | |
| dc.language.iso | eng | en_US |
| dc.rights | open access | en_US |
| dc.subject | Red osier dogwood | en_US |
| dc.subject | Broiler chicken | en_US |
| dc.subject | Antibiotic alternative | en_US |
| dc.subject | Feed additive | en_US |
| dc.title | Red osier dogwood extracts as alternatives to in-feed antibiotics in broiler chickens | en_US |
| dc.type | master thesis | en_US |
| local.subject.manitoba | yes | en_US |