Neural precursor cells (NPCs) have been a hot research topic because of their regenerative potentials. These cells maintain a remarkable capacity for continuous neurogenesis throughout the life and therefore have inspired the quest for a cure towards central nervous system (CNS) repair, however their clinical application is severely restricted due to their limited proliferation. The role of Thioredoxin-1 as a neuroprotective antioxidant protein has been shown previously. This multifaceted protein has also been linked to increase in NPCs proliferation. For my MSc thesis, I hypothesized that enhancing Trx1 levels using a novel intracellular protein delivery approach may enhance cell proliferation and alter differentiation of NPCs. Using immunocytochemistry and Western blotting, I showed that Trx promotes cell proliferation and potentiates oligodendrogenesis in these cells. I have also examined downstream signaling mechanisms involved in these processes. My studies indicate that Trx therapy may represent a viable approach for induction of NPCs proliferation.