War stories: voices of Indigenous veterans post-Korean conflict
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Abstract
Ethnographic and storytelling methodology is crucial in the representation of Indigenous veterans and their experiences because these narratives reside at the intersection where military and Indigenous cultures meet. There are a multitude of political movements that veterans involve themselves in to benefit their fellow veterans, with stories and ethnographic details helping to solidify the teaching inherent within their shared experience. For many non-Indigenous veterans, military culture embodies connection and is a central reason they find meaning in service. For Indigenous veterans however, it is their Indigenous cultures that forges and connects them with other veterans, creating community and meaning in service itself. The ways in which Indigenous veterans use their shared experiences in the military – and the differences past and present – is one of the main interests presented in this thesis. It explains the importance of peer-to-peer relationships within Indigenous veteran’s communities, it informs us of their time in service from the particular lens of Indigenous peoples, and the roles they take now within their communities. To provide further context, it is crucial to add the history of World War 1 and 2, along with the Korean Conflict, as there are shifts from those years into what indigenous veterans experience today. Changes to the Indian Act in 1951 allowed Indigenous veterans to provide the necessary peer-to-peer support fundamental for cultural survivance, transmission and experiential understanding. Including a breakdown of Indigenous involvement within the Korean Conflict and beyond, the pool of interviewees for this thesis was drawn from United Nations Peacekeeping and conflict operations of the 1970s, 80s and 90s. It gathers testimonies and narratives from interviewees who span across the various trades, ranks, genders, divisions, and in most cases, Nations. This thesis includes the author's own experiences with discovering the roles veterans play within the broader community, Veterans organizations and culture.