Fouling mechanisms in nanofiltration membranes used for surface water treatment

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dc.contributor.authorJha, Nisha
dc.contributor.examiningcommitteeHollaender, Hartmut (Civil Engineering) Cicek, Nazim (Biosystems Engineering)en_US
dc.contributor.supervisorGorczyca, Beata (Civil Engineering)en_US
dc.date.accessioned2018-01-17T21:04:36Z
dc.date.available2018-01-17T21:04:36Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.degree.disciplineCivil Engineeringen_US
dc.degree.levelMaster of Science (M.Sc.)en_US
dc.description.abstractIn this study, the influence of calcium concentration on flux decline and fouling mechanisms in NF90 membrane used for filtration of constant high DOC in synthetic water was observed and analyzed. The synthetic water was composed of sodium alginate (17 mg/L as DOC) and calcium chloride (50, 200, and 350 mg/L as CaCO3). Several fouling models, resistance-in-series model and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) were used to analyze the flux decline curves, hydraulic resistances due to various fouling mechanisms and membrane surface morphology, respectively. Results of fouling experiments identified that reversibility of fouling increased with increasing calcium concentration due to increase in cohesive forces between calcium and alginate molecules. However, the flux decline and total hydraulic resistance was highly dependent on the concentration of both calcium and alginate in feed water forming Ca-alginate complexes. Also, at high calcium concentrations, gel layer formation becomes the dominant fouling mechanism offering maximum hydraulic resistance.en_US
dc.description.noteFebruary 2018en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1993/32853
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.rightsopen accessen_US
dc.subjectNanofiltrationen_US
dc.subjectSurface wateren_US
dc.subjectDOCen_US
dc.subjectHardnessen_US
dc.subjectCa-Alginate complexationen_US
dc.subjectFouling mechanismsen_US
dc.subjectGel layeren_US
dc.titleFouling mechanisms in nanofiltration membranes used for surface water treatmenten_US
dc.typemaster thesisen_US
local.subject.manitobayesen_US
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