Effect of consuming conventional and high oleic canola oil on cholesterol metabolism and bile acid synthesis in subjects at risk for metabolic syndrome
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Date
2020-01-02
Authors
Chen, Xiang
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Abstract
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) estimated by the International Diabetes Federation is approximately a quarter of the world’s population. Current clinical research reveals that replacement of saturated fatty acid (SFA) with monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) helps to reduce the risk of MetS. The main objective of this thesis was to investigate the effect of consuming conventional and high oleic canola oil on cholesterol metabolism and bile acid synthesis in subjects at risk for metabolic syndrome. A secondary objective was to assess how cholesterol metabolism contributes to the regulation of plasma cholesterol levels after the consumption of canola oil. One hundred and seventy-four participants were recruited and met the criteria of this study. Finally, one hundred and twenty-five people completed this study. Statistical analyses were performed using the SAS mixed-model ANOVA for the endpoint intertreatment comparison. The endpoint cholestanol to cholesterol ratio, a surrogate marker of cholesterol absorption, was lower (P<0.05) in the two canola oil treatments compared to the control oil treatment. The other two cholesterol absorption surrogate markers, campesterol and sitosterol, failed to show the same influence, likely due to the fact that the treatment canola oil was rich in phytosterols. According to the lathosterol ratio and fractional synthesis rate of free cholesterol (FSR-FC) data, the replacement of a Western diet oil (WDO) with canola oil had no influence on cholesterol synthesis. Moreover, the bile acid synthesis biomarker, 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one (7αC4), in the MetS patients after consuming high oleic canola oil (HOCO), was higher (P<0.05) compared to those consuming the WDO. In conclusion, the consumption of HOCO has the potential to improve MetS patients’ lipid profile by reducing cholesterol absorption and promoting bile acid synthesis.
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Keywords
Canola oil, Cholesterol metabolism