Electrode-based wireless passive pH sensors with applications to bioprocess and food spoilage monitoring
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Date
2011-11, 2013-06, 2014-05, 2015-03, 2015-03
Authors
Bhadra, Sharmistha
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
IEEE
IEEE
IEEE
Elsevier
Elsevier
IEEE
IEEE
Elsevier
Elsevier
Abstract
This thesis purposes and develops inductively coupled LC (inductive-capacitive) pH sensors based on pH-sensitive electrode pair. The LC resonator circuit is based on a varactor and measures the low frequency potential difference. For wireless pH monitoring, the resonator circuit is integrated with a pH-sensitive electrode pair. This sensor demonstrates a linear response over 2 to 12 pH dynamic range, 0.1 pH accuracy and long-term stability. Accurate measurement of pH using electrode-based sensors is affected by temperature variation. A technique of simultaneously measuring two parameters, pH and temperature, with a single RLC resonator based sensor is presented. An algorithm is developed, which applies both pH and temperature measurement to incorporate temperature compensation in pH measurement. For in-fluid applications, an encapsulation method is applied to the LC resonator based sensor to reduce the influence of medium permittivity and conductivity on the sensor measurement. Non-invasive way to obtain reliable pH information from bacterial culture bioprocesses is demonstrated with the fluid embeddable sensor. The pH sensor is remodeled to an acidic and basic volatile sensor by embedding the electrodes in a hydrogel host electrolyte. Tests demonstrate that the volatile sensor has a detection limit of 1.5 ppm and 2 ppm for ammonia and acetic acid vapor, respectively. Application of the volatile sensor to fish spoilage monitoring shows that the sensor is capable of detecting the product rejection level with good sensitivity in real-time. It is important to develop low cost wireless passive pH sensor technologies for embedded applications such as bioprocess and food spoilage monitoring. The electrode-based passive LC sensor approach employed in this thesis overcomes drawbacks of some of the early developed passive pH sensors and can lead to an inexpensive implementation using printed electronics technology.
Description
Keywords
acidic/basic gas sensing, bioreactor, coupled coil, electrode, fish spoilage, inductive coupling, in-fluid, multivariable sensor, pH, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, temperature compensation, TVB-N, volatile concentration, Yarrowia lipolytica
Citation
S. Bhadra, G. E. Bridges, D. J. Thomson and M. S. Freund, “Electrode potential-based coupled coil sensor for remote pH monitoring,” IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 11, no. 11, pp. 2813-2819, Nov. 2011.
S. Bhadra, D. S. Y. Tan, D. J. Thomson, M. S. Freund and G. E. Bridges, “A wireless passive sensor for temperature compensated remote pH monitoring,” IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 2428-2436, June 2013.
S. Bhadra, W. Blunt , C. Dynowski , M. McDonald , D. J. Thomson , M. S. Freund , N. Cicek and G. E. Bridges, “Fluid embeddable coupled coil sensor for wireless pH monitoring in a bioreactor,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 63, no.5, pp.1337-1346, May 2014.
S. Bhadra, D. J. Thomson and G. E. Bridges, “Monitoring acidic and basic volatile concentration using a pH-electrode based wireless passive sensor,” Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, vol. 209, pp. 803-810, March 2015.
S. Bhadra, C. Narvaez, D. J. Thomson and G. E. Bridges, “Non-destructive detection of fish spoilage using a wireless basic volatile sensor,” Talanta, vol. 134, pp. 718-723, March 2015.
S. Bhadra, D. S. Y. Tan, D. J. Thomson, M. S. Freund and G. E. Bridges, “A wireless passive sensor for temperature compensated remote pH monitoring,” IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 2428-2436, June 2013.
S. Bhadra, W. Blunt , C. Dynowski , M. McDonald , D. J. Thomson , M. S. Freund , N. Cicek and G. E. Bridges, “Fluid embeddable coupled coil sensor for wireless pH monitoring in a bioreactor,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 63, no.5, pp.1337-1346, May 2014.
S. Bhadra, D. J. Thomson and G. E. Bridges, “Monitoring acidic and basic volatile concentration using a pH-electrode based wireless passive sensor,” Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, vol. 209, pp. 803-810, March 2015.
S. Bhadra, C. Narvaez, D. J. Thomson and G. E. Bridges, “Non-destructive detection of fish spoilage using a wireless basic volatile sensor,” Talanta, vol. 134, pp. 718-723, March 2015.