Strategies for detoxifying vomitoxin (DON) using innovative chemical and biological approaches in post-weaning piglets
| dc.contributor.author | Yu, Changning | |
| dc.contributor.examiningcommittee | Nyachoti, Martin (Animal Science) | |
| dc.contributor.examiningcommittee | Gong, Joshua (Animal Science) | |
| dc.contributor.examiningcommittee | Qin, Wensheng (Lakehead University) | |
| dc.contributor.supervisor | Liu, Song | |
| dc.contributor.supervisor | Yang, Chengbo | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2024-08-09T15:16:36Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2024-08-09T15:16:36Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2024-08-07 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2024-08-07T18:00:15Z | en_US |
| dc.degree.discipline | Biosystems Engineering | |
| dc.degree.level | Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) | |
| dc.description.abstract | Deoxynivalenol (DON) presents a significant concern due to its potential to cause extensive economic losses and health risks to humans and animals. Swine, especially piglets, are particularly vulnerable to DON contamination than other livestock. While sodium metabisulfite (SMBS) shows promise in neutralizing DON through chemical reactions, its effectiveness is hindered in acidic conditions. Meanwhile, Bacillus sp. LS100, isolated from chicken digesta, has shown in vitro capability to detoxify DON, though its ability to detoxify DON in pigs remains unverified. This thesis aimed to fabricate SMBS-infused microparticles and nanofibers by encapsulation techniques and assess the efficacy of these fabricated products and Bacillus sp. LS100 in detoxifying DON in vitro and in vivo. SMBS-containing hydrogenated palm oil (HPO) microparticles were fabricated, showing stability in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) and facilitating a gradual release of SMBS in simulated intestinal fluid (SIF). The released SMBS in the SIF effectively detoxified DON, which was evidenced by fewer adverse effects in IPEC-J2 cells. Adding 0.45% SMBS-containing HPO microparticles to 3.3 mg/kg DON-contaminated diets could maintain the growth performance but decreased the gene expressions of inflammatory cytokines in the jejunum of weaned piglets. Given the slow release of SMBS in SIF observed with the SMBS-containing HPO microparticles, SMBS-containing Eudragit L100-55 nanofibrous mats were fabricated to enhance SMBS release in SIF. The electrospun nanofibrous mats exhibited rapid SMBS release in SIF and effectively alleviated the toxic effects of DON in IPEC-J2 cells. However, these mats were unsuitable for animal trials due to low production and mechanical constraints. Instead, SMBS-containing Eudragit L100-55 microparticles were fabricated. These microparticles safeguarded SMBS in SGF, with subsequent release in SIF, effectively mitigating negative impacts of DON in IPEC-J2 cells and weaned piglets. Finally, this study assessed Bacillus sp. LS100’s detoxification potency at two concentrations (1×109 and 1×1010 CFU/pig/gavage) in weaned piglets. The gavage administration of two levels of Bacillus sp. LS100 on days 10 and 12 did not significantly impact the growth performance of weaned piglets exposed to the 3.3 mg/kg DON-contaminated diets. In conclusion, SMBS-containing Eudragit L100-55 microparticles have potential for use in detoxifying DON in the swine industry. | |
| dc.description.note | October 2024 | |
| dc.description.sponsorship | Canadian Swine Research and Development Cluster III (Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, #1794), Manitoba Pork Council (C. Yang, 50832), the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grant (RGPIN-2019-06094), Canada Foundation for Innovation. | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/1993/38374 | |
| dc.language.iso | eng | |
| dc.rights | open access | en_US |
| dc.subject | Deoxynivalenol | |
| dc.subject | detoxification | |
| dc.subject | chemical approach | |
| dc.subject | biological approach | |
| dc.subject | weaning piglets | |
| dc.title | Strategies for detoxifying vomitoxin (DON) using innovative chemical and biological approaches in post-weaning piglets | |
| dc.type | doctoral thesis | en_US |
| local.subject.manitoba | no |