International consensus conference recommendations on ultrasound education for undergraduate medical students

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dc.contributor.authorHoppmann, Richard A.
dc.contributor.authorMladenovic, Jeanette
dc.contributor.authorMelniker, Lawrence
dc.contributor.authorBadea, Radu
dc.contributor.authorBlaivas, Michael
dc.contributor.authorMontorfano, Miguel
dc.contributor.authorAbuhamad, Alfred
dc.contributor.authorNoble, Vicki
dc.contributor.authorHussain, Arif
dc.contributor.authorProsen, Gregor
dc.contributor.authorVillen, Tomás
dc.contributor.authorVia, Gabriele
dc.contributor.authorNogue, Ramon
dc.contributor.authorGoodmurphy, Craig
dc.contributor.authorBastos, Marcus
dc.contributor.authorNace, G. S.
dc.contributor.authorVolpicelli, Giovanni
dc.contributor.authorWakefield, Richard J.
dc.contributor.authorWilson, Steve
dc.contributor.authorBhagra, Anjali
dc.contributor.authorKim, Jongyeol
dc.contributor.authorBahner, David
dc.contributor.authorFox, Chris
dc.contributor.authorRiley, Ruth
dc.contributor.authorSteinmetz, Peter
dc.contributor.authorNelson, Bret P.
dc.contributor.authorPellerito, John
dc.contributor.authorNazarian, Levon N.
dc.contributor.authorWilson, L. B.
dc.contributor.authorMa, Irene W. Y.
dc.contributor.authorAmponsah, David
dc.contributor.authorBarron, Keith R.
dc.contributor.authorDversdal, Renee K.
dc.contributor.authorWagner, Mike
dc.contributor.authorDean, Anthony J.
dc.contributor.authorTierney, David
dc.contributor.authorTsung, James W.
dc.contributor.authorNocera, Paula
dc.contributor.authorPazeli, José
dc.contributor.authorLiu, Rachel
dc.contributor.authorPrice, Susanna
dc.contributor.authorNeri, Luca
dc.contributor.authorPiccirillo, Barbara
dc.contributor.authorOsman, Adi
dc.contributor.authorLee, Vaughan
dc.contributor.authorNaqvi, Nitha
dc.contributor.authorPetrovic, Tomislav
dc.contributor.authorBornemann, Paul
dc.contributor.authorValois, Maxime
dc.contributor.authorLanctot, Jean-Francoise
dc.contributor.authorHaddad, Robert
dc.contributor.authorGovil, Deepak
dc.contributor.authorHurtado, Laura A.
dc.contributor.authorDinh, Vi A.
dc.contributor.authorDePhilip, Robert M.
dc.contributor.authorHoffmann, Beatrice
dc.contributor.authorLewiss, Resa E.
dc.contributor.authorParange, Nayana A.
dc.contributor.authorNishisaki, Akira
dc.contributor.authorDoniger, Stephanie J.
dc.contributor.authorDallas, Paul
dc.contributor.authorBergman, Kevin
dc.contributor.authorBarahona, J. O.
dc.contributor.authorWortsman, Ximena
dc.contributor.authorSmith, R. S.
dc.contributor.authorSisson, Craig A.
dc.contributor.authorPalma, James
dc.contributor.authorMallin, Mike
dc.contributor.authorAhmed, Liju
dc.contributor.authorMustafa, Hassan
dc.date.accessioned2022-08-01T03:13:27Z
dc.date.issued2022-07-27
dc.date.updated2022-08-01T03:13:28Z
dc.description.abstractAbstract Objectives The purpose of this study is to provide expert consensus recommendations to establish a global ultrasound curriculum for undergraduate medical students. Methods 64 multi-disciplinary ultrasound experts from 16 countries, 50 multi-disciplinary ultrasound consultants, and 21 medical students and residents contributed to these recommendations. A modified Delphi consensus method was used that included a systematic literature search, evaluation of the quality of literature by the GRADE system, and the RAND appropriateness method for panel judgment and consensus decisions. The process included four in-person international discussion sessions and two rounds of online voting. Results A total of 332 consensus conference statements in four curricular domains were considered: (1) curricular scope (4 statements), (2) curricular rationale (10 statements), (3) curricular characteristics (14 statements), and (4) curricular content (304 statements). Of these 332 statements, 145 were recommended, 126 were strongly recommended, and 61 were not recommended. Important aspects of an undergraduate ultrasound curriculum identified include curricular integration across the basic and clinical sciences and a competency and entrustable professional activity-based model. The curriculum should form the foundation of a life-long continuum of ultrasound education that prepares students for advanced training and patient care. In addition, the curriculum should complement and support the medical school curriculum as a whole with enhanced understanding of anatomy, physiology, pathophysiological processes and clinical practice without displacing other important undergraduate learning. The content of the curriculum should be appropriate for the medical student level of training, evidence and expert opinion based, and include ongoing collaborative research and development to ensure optimum educational value and patient care. Conclusions The international consensus conference has provided the first comprehensive document of recommendations for a basic ultrasound curriculum. The document reflects the opinion of a diverse and representative group of international expert ultrasound practitioners, educators, and learners. These recommendations can standardize undergraduate medical student ultrasound education while serving as a basis for additional research in medical education and the application of ultrasound in clinical practice.
dc.identifier.citationThe Ultrasound Journal. 2022 Jul 27;14(1):31
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13089-022-00279-1
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1993/36645
dc.language.rfc3066en
dc.rightsopen accessen_US
dc.rights.holderThe Author(s)
dc.titleInternational consensus conference recommendations on ultrasound education for undergraduate medical students
dc.typeJournal Article
local.author.affiliationRady Faculty of Health Sciencesen_US
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