Age and menopause affect the expression of specific cytokines/chemokines in plasma and cervical lavage samples from female sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya

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dc.contributor.authorSivro, Aida
dc.contributor.authorLajoie, Julie
dc.contributor.authorKimani, Joshua
dc.contributor.authorJaoko, Walter
dc.contributor.authorPlummer, Francis A
dc.contributor.authorFowke, Keith
dc.contributor.authorBall, T B
dc.date.accessioned2013-11-04T05:09:46Z
dc.date.available2013-11-04T05:09:46Z
dc.date.issued2013-10-22
dc.date.updated2013-11-04T05:09:46Z
dc.description.abstractAbstract Background Aging of the immune system, known as immunosenescence, is associated with profound changes in both innate and adaptive immune responses, resulting in increased susceptibility to infection and a decreased ability to respond to vaccination. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of age and menopause on the expression of 22 different cytokines/chemokines in both plasma and cervical lavage samples from female sex-worker cohort from Nairobi, Kenya (age range 20–65). Results Cytokine/chemokine levels were measured using a Miliplex multiplex assay (Millipore). We found that age positively correlated with MCP-1 (p = 0.0002) and IP-10 (p = 0.03) systemic cytokine expression, and that women over 50 expressed the highest levels of these cytokines, but also had elevated expression of MIG (ANOVA p = 0.0096) and MIP-3β(ANOVA p = 0.0434). We also found that IL-8 (p = 0.047) and sCD40L (p = 0.01) systemic expression negatively correlated with age. Further, MIG (p = 0.0081) and MCP-1 (p = 0.0157) were present at higher levels in post-menopausal women suggesting a potential estrogen dependant systemic regulation of these cytokines. In cervical lavage samples, age did not directly correlate with the expression of any of the tested cytokines/chemokines, however sIL-2Rα (ANOVA p = 0.0170) and IL-15 (ANOVA p = 0.0251)were significantly higher in women over 50. Menopause was shown to have a more profound effect on cytokine expression in the cervical mucosa with MIG (p = 0.0256), MIP-3α (p = 0.0245), IL-1β (p = 0.0261), IL-6 (p = 0.0462), IL-8 (p = 0.007), IP-10 (p = 0.0357) and MCP-1 (p = 0.0427) all significantly under-expressed in post-menopausal women. Conclusions This study demonstrates that aging and menopause-associated hormonal changes are associated with significant changes in systemic and mucosal cytokine/chemokine expression, which may have implications for the age-related decline in the ability to fight against infections.
dc.description.versionPeer Reviewed
dc.identifier.citationImmunity & Ageing. 2013 Oct 22;10(1):42
dc.identifier.doihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1742-4933-10-42
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1993/22248
dc.language.rfc3066en
dc.rightsopen accessen_US
dc.rights.holderAida Sivro et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
dc.titleAge and menopause affect the expression of specific cytokines/chemokines in plasma and cervical lavage samples from female sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya
dc.typeJournal Article
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