Modes of Infant Feeding and the Risk of Childhood Asthma: a Prospective Birth Cohort Study

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dc.contributor.authorKlopp, Annika
dc.contributor.authorVehling, Lorena
dc.contributor.authorBecker, Allan B
dc.contributor.authorSubbarao, Padmaja
dc.contributor.authorMandhane, Piushkumar J
dc.contributor.authorTurvey, Stuart E.
dc.contributor.authorLefebvre, Diana L
dc.contributor.authorSears, Malcolm R
dc.contributor.authorthe CHILD Study Investigators, /
dc.contributor.authorAzad, Meghan
dc.date.accessioned2022-08-18T14:47:11Z
dc.date.available2022-08-18T14:47:11Z
dc.date.issued2017-11-01
dc.date.submitted2022-08-17T20:57:46Zen_US
dc.description.abstractObjective To determine whether different modes of infant feeding are associated with childhood asthma, including differentiating between direct breastfeeding and expressed breast milk. Study design We studied 3296 children in the Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development birth cohort. The primary exposure was infant feeding mode at 3 months, reported by mothers and categorized as direct breastfeeding only, breastfeeding with some expressed breast milk, breast milk and formula, or formula only. The primary outcome was asthma at 3 years of age, diagnosed by trained healthcare professionals. Results At 3 months of age, the distribution of feeding modes was 27% direct breastfeeding, 32% breastfeeding with some expressed breast milk, 26% breast milk and formula, and 15% formula only. At 3 years of age, 12% of children were diagnosed with possible or probable asthma. Compared with direct breastfeeding, any other mode of infant feeding was associated with an increased risk of asthma. These associations persisted after adjusting for maternal asthma, ethnicity, method of birth, infant sex, gestational age, and daycare attendance (some expressed breast milk: aOR, 1.64, 95% CI, 1.12-2.39; breast milk and formula, aOR, 1.73, 95% CI, 1.17-2.57; formula only: aOR, 2.14, 95% CI, 1.37-3.35). Results were similar after further adjustment for total breastfeeding duration and respiratory infections. Conclusions Modes of infant feeding are associated with asthma development. Direct breastfeeding is most protective compared with formula feeding; indirect breast milk confers intermediate protection. Policies that facilitate and promote direct breastfeeding could have impact on the primary prevention of asthma.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipFunded by the Canadian Respiratory Research Network and the Allergy, Genes and Environment Network of Centres of Excellence, and supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.07.012
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1993/36703
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherThe Journal of Pediatricsen_US
dc.rightsopen accessen_US
dc.subjectBreastfeedingen_US
dc.subjectPumped Breast Milken_US
dc.subjectAsthmaen_US
dc.titleModes of Infant Feeding and the Risk of Childhood Asthma: a Prospective Birth Cohort Studyen_US
dc.typepreprinten_US
local.author.affiliationRady Faculty of Health Sciences::Max Rady College of Medicine::Department of Pediatrics and Child Healthen_US
oaire.citation.endPage199en_US
oaire.citation.startPage192en_US
oaire.citation.titleThe Journal of Pediatricsen_US
oaire.citation.volume190en_US
project.funder.nameCanadian Respiratory Research Networken_US
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