Decoration of nano-spikes on polymeric surfaces with quaternized N- chloramines for enhanced antibacterial activity
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Abstract
Contact active antibacterial surfaces have wide acceptance to prevent bacteria-related infection. Contact active antibacterial surfaces by the physical killing method are mostly used as implants in the human body and contact active antibacterial surfaces by the chemical killing method are extensively used in devices in hospital areas, the food industry, high touch surfaces, etc. In this study, we have engineered a novel polymeric surface that combines chemical and physical antibacterial strategies. This is achieved by integrating chemical-killing contact active biocides, specifically azido quaternized N-chloramine, with a physical killing approach inspired by the natural antibacterial properties of insect wings. Our fabrication process successfully replicates the nano-scale features of these natural surfaces on a polymer, incorporating nano spikes that are functionalized with an alkynyl handle. This handle facilitates a click chemistry reaction with the antibacterial agent N-chloramine. The efficacy of the resulting surfaces, denoted as PnCl, was evaluated against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Compared to the control surfaces Pn and PCl, PnCl demonstrated superior antibacterial activity. Notably, it achieved a 100% reduction in E. coli populations within 15 minutes of contact and a complete eradication of MRSA within 60 minutes. This study underscores the potential of combining chemical and physical antibacterial strategies on a single surface, offering a promising avenue for developing advanced antimicrobial materials.