Exploring the attentional cycling model of mind wandering through the lens of time perception

Loading...
Thumbnail Image
Date
2025-01-03
Authors
Yeo, Liam
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract

Attentional cycling is the adaptive system that allows for individuals to evaluate whether their thoughts, goals, and behaviors are aligned. However, the specific cognitive mechanisms behind controlling and monitoring the shifting of attentional states is largely unknown. The answer might rely on the mechanisms behind another aspect of cognition, time perception. Where the pacemaker-accumulator model of time perception proposes that there are pulses emitted by a pacemaker and that an accumulator counts the pulses and gives us our sense of time perception. These pulses might also serve as a trigger to switch an individual’s attentional focus. Therefore, it is important to investigate whether the same mechanisms that control time perception, also control mind wandering and attentional cycling. This was investigated through two experiments, with the first replicating and validating the starfield color tracking task, which was used to manipulate subjective time perception, and we will use the sustained attention to response task to measure mind wandering and see if there is any relationship(n=166). The second is an experimental approach where we adapt the starfield color tracking task to resemble more traditional attentional tasks while still manipulating time perception and measuring mind wandering in the same task (n=103). In experiment 1, we used linear mixed effects models to find that time perception was successfully manipulated through this task and that our sense of time duration was related to mind wandering. In Experiment 2, we used factorial ANOVAS to show that manipulated time perception was able to influence our off-task thoughts. We also find various relationships with trait-level measures, further strengthening the claim that they are connected somehow. Overall, these results imply that the mechanisms underlying time perception also influence our rates of mind wandering and off-task thoughts, but they do not specify which potential model of time perception is the correct one.

Description
Keywords
Attention, Time Perception, Mind Wandering, Perception, Cognition
Citation