The influence of culture, attention, and visual feedback on perceptual grouping

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dc.contributor.authorCarther-Krone (Lazar), Tiffany
dc.contributor.examiningcommitteeFigley, Chase (Psychology)en_US
dc.contributor.examiningcommitteeLawrence-Dewar, Jane (Psychology)en_US
dc.contributor.examiningcommitteeGlazebrook, Cheryl (Kinesiology and Recreationen_US
dc.contributor.examiningcommitteeCulham, Jody (Western University, The Brain and Mind Institute)en_US
dc.contributor.supervisorMarotta, Jonathan J (Psychology)en_US
dc.date.accessioned2021-05-12T13:04:57Z
dc.date.available2021-05-12T13:04:57Z
dc.date.copyright2021-04-26
dc.date.issued2021-04-21en_US
dc.date.submitted2021-04-26T17:15:20Zen_US
dc.degree.disciplinePsychologyen_US
dc.degree.levelDoctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.)en_US
dc.description.abstractWhat factors influence how we perceive the world around us? This dissertation describes a series of experiments using traditional cognitive and psychophysical methodologies, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and advanced visuomotor paradigms to explore the effects of culture, attention, and visual feedback on visual perception. In the first study, psychophysical methodologies were used to test the potential mechanism underlying differences in global processing by examining the relative contributions of the magnocellular and parvocellular pathways in mediating global and local visual processing in Asian and Caucasian groups. Participants completed the Navon hierarchical letters task under divided-attention conditions, indicating whether a target letter “H” was present in stimuli that were either unbiased, or biased to predominantly process low-spatial frequency information through the magnocellular or parvocellular pathways. Caucasians processed stimuli more globally than Asians when low-spatial frequency information was projected through the parvocellular pathway. Asians showed a global processing advantage when low-spatial frequency information was projected through the magnocellular pathway, and to a lesser extent to the parvocellular pathway. These findings suggest that the global processing bias found in each group depends on the pathway through which visual information was transmitted. In the second study, fMRI was used to examine perceptual grouping under inattention and divided-attention conditions. Results showed involvement of the right supramarginal gyrus in grouping specifically under conditions of inattention, suggesting that even during implicit grouping complex processing occurs. In the third study, early, middle and late visuomotor control were examined in the context of the Sander Parallelogram illusion to better understand how visual feedback impacts our perceptual system’s ability to group elements of our environment together. Consistent with the Two Visual Streams Hypothesis, results showed a more robust illusion effect for perceptual estimations compared to grasping a target. An illusion effect was also observed when participants were asked to grasp targets under both early and no vision conditions, supporting the notion that while the two streams are distinct, they also interact. Collectively, this work demonstrates that perception is shaped by many factors, and that those factors - in different amounts - can alter how we perceive the world around us.en_US
dc.description.noteOctober 2021en_US
dc.identifier.citationAPAen_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1993/35509
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.rightsopen accessen_US
dc.subjectPerceptual groupingen_US
dc.subjectVisual illusionen_US
dc.subjectCultureen_US
dc.subjectInattentionen_US
dc.subjectDivided-attentionen_US
dc.subjectVisual feedbacken_US
dc.titleThe influence of culture, attention, and visual feedback on perceptual groupingen_US
dc.typedoctoral thesisen_US
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