Effects of weight loss and phenotype traits on changes in body composition and cholesterol metabolism in overweight individuals

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dc.contributor.authorMintarno, Melinda
dc.contributor.examiningcommitteeAukema, Harold (Human Nutritional Sciences) Zahradka, Peter (Physioloy) McGavock, Jonathan (Kinesiology and Recreation Management)en
dc.contributor.supervisorJones, Peter (Human Nutritional Sciences)en
dc.date.accessioned2011-04-11T16:31:13Z
dc.date.available2011-04-11T16:31:13Z
dc.date.issued2011-04-11T16:31:13Z
dc.degree.disciplineHuman Nutritional Sciencesen_US
dc.degree.levelMaster of Science (M.Sc.)en_US
dc.description.abstractGlobal obesity is linked to chronic diseases including hypercholesterolemia, a cardiovascular disease risk factor, thus weight reduction in obesity is a key priority for combatting obesity. The cholesterol transporters ABCG5, ABCG8 and NPC1L1 mediate cholesterol trafficking across the intestinal wall, thus are important in regulating cholesterol metabolism and circulating levels. The objective of this study was to examine if single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of cholesterol transporters ABCG5, ABCG8 and NPC1L1 are associated with changes in cholesterol synthesis and absorption and lipid parameters (LP) subsequent to weight loss (WtL) in overweight individuals. Eighty-nine individuals from two WtL trials (Trial A (n = 54) and Trial B (n = 35)) completed a 20-wk WtL period. After 10% WtL, lipid parameters excluding LDL-C were improved in Trial A, while all lipid parameters were ameliorated after 12% of WtL when Trial A and B were combined. Post-WtL, cholesterol synthesis (CS) was reduced; however, cholesterol absorption was not changed in either Trial A or the combined trials. Polymorphisms in ABCG8 V632A were associated with changes in TC and TG levels after WtL in both trial A and the combined data. SNPs in ABCG5 Q604E, ABCG8 T400K, were associated with changes in CS because of WtL in Trial A; however, the association is no longer seen in combined analysis. In conclusion, cardio-protective changes in LP due to weight loss were mediated by reductions in CS. Additionally, polymorphisms in ABCG8 were associated with amelioration in LP after WtL. Thus, the benefits in CVD risk subsequent to weight loss vary across individuals due to genetic factors associated with cholesterol trafficking.en
dc.description.noteMay 2011en
dc.format.extent4989093 bytes
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1993/4506
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.rightsopen accessen_US
dc.subjectweight lossen
dc.subjectBMIen
dc.subjectDEXAen
dc.subjectbody compositionen
dc.subjectfat massen
dc.subjectfat free massen
dc.subjectcholesterol absorptionen
dc.subjectcholesterol synthesisen
dc.subjectHDL-Cen
dc.subjectLDL-Cen
dc.subjecttotal cholesterolen
dc.subjecttriglycerideen
dc.subjectSNPen
dc.subjectNPC1L1en
dc.subjectABCG5en
dc.subjectABCG8en
dc.subjectdieten
dc.subjectphysical activityen
dc.titleEffects of weight loss and phenotype traits on changes in body composition and cholesterol metabolism in overweight individualsen
dc.typemaster thesisen_US
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