Examining the adaptation of dance for people with Neurodevelopmental Disability: A multiple-methods approach

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Date
2024-03-26
Authors
Ladwig, Jacqueline
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Abstract

Dance has an ableist history that has defined who is a dancer, what dance looks like, and how dance is taught and performed. Dance can also enhance and promote physical and social development for persons with neurodevelopmental disability (NDD) when it is adapted to the capabilities of the individual dancer. However, dance educators are not required to complete training on adapting movement for persons who live with NDD, nor how to create inclusive and adaptive dance environments. I used a multiple methods approach to gain a deeper understanding of how adaptive dance programming and environments may impact dancers who live with NDD (dancers) and to make recommendations for practice. This thesis includes three linked studies. The first study examined the literature specific to adults who live with NDD to determine the characteristics of, and common instructional strategies used in, dance interventions. The study synthesizes the outcome measures used and considers the relationship between outcomes and the characteristics of the dance interventions. The second study considers the perspectives of dancers through semi-structured interviews to better understand both the perspectives and experiences of dancers in dance. The third study used a Hybrid-Delphi technique to gather expert community, dance, and rehabilitation perspectives on adapting dance and dance environments to formulate a set of prioritized recommendations for dance educators.The results of these studies are organized in a manuscript-style thesis. The results of the first study indicated that literature often focuses on reducing or changing of the behaviours and ‘symptoms’ related to NDD. The findings indicated that details of how dance interventions were adapted to dancers’ functional levels and the specific details of interventions were scarce. In the second study the dancers shared that they gained a sense of purpose and belonging, as well as and interpersonal skills that apply to daily life when holistic approaches to dance instruction were used. The third study resulted in the formulation of a comprehensive list of recommendations that prioritizes the perspectives of the dancers and applies to a variety of movement settings. Based on these findings future research will evaluate the dissemination of the findings in the dance community broadly.

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Keywords
dance, disability, inclusion, qualitative, motor development, dance pedagogy, adaptive dance
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