Functional characterization of the attachment glycoprotein of Nipah virus: role in fusion, inhibition of henipavirus infection, generation of chimeric proteins, and assembly of chimeric viruses
| dc.contributor.author | Sawatsky, Bevan | |
| dc.contributor.examiningcommittee | Wylie, John (Medical Microbiology) Leygue, Etienne (Biochemistry and Medical Genetics) Talbot, Pierre (Institut Armand-Frappier) | en |
| dc.contributor.supervisor | Czub, Markus (Medical Microbiology) | en |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2007-09-12T13:14:32Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2007-09-12T13:14:32Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2007-09-12T13:14:32Z | |
| dc.degree.discipline | Medical Microbiology | en_US |
| dc.degree.level | Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) | en_US |
| dc.description.abstract | Nipah virus (NiV) and Hendra virus (HeV) have been identified as the causes of outbreaks of fatal meningitis, encephalitis, and respiratory disease in Australia, Malaysia, Bangladesh, and India from 1994 until 2004. In order to accommodate the unique genomic characteristics of NiV and HeV, a new genus within the family Paramyxoviridae was created, named Henipavirus. NiV encodes two surface glycoproteins: the attachment glycoprotein (G) binds to the cellular receptor for the virus, while the fusion glycoprotein (F) mediates membrane fusion between the virus and cell membranes. Expression of F and G in the same cell results in cell-cell fusion in transfected cell monolayers, while expression of F and G on their own in cell monolayers does not result in fusion. Co-culture of singly-transfected F and G cells also does not result in fusion. Expression of NiV G in transgenic CRFK cells results in resistance to NiV- and HeV-induced cytopathic effect. Additionally, neither NiV nor HeV nucleic acid could be detected in CRFK-NiV G that had been exposed to NiV or HeV. NiV G expression also prevents NiV F+NiV G-mediated cell-cell fusion, but does not affect cell surface expression of either virus receptor, ephrin-B2 and ephrin-B3. Chimeric glycoproteins derived from NiV G and CDV H were constructed and characterized. None of the chimeric glycoproteins were able to fuse when coexpressed with either NiV F or CDV F. Only one of the chimeric glycoproteins (H145/G458) was detected on the cell surface by immunofluorescence assay (IFA). None of the chimeric glycoproteins altered cell surface expression levels of ephrin-B2 and ephrin-B3. Finally, recombinant NiV genomes (rNiV and rNiV eGFPG) were constructed, as well as chimeric CDV genomes with NiV ORF substitutions (rCDV eGFPH NiVFG and rCDV eGFPH NiVMFG). The only chimeric virus that was generated, rCDV eGFPH NiVFG, was assessed for its release from infected cells. rCDV eGFPH NiVFG was poorly released from infected cells without a freeze-thaw cycle, but was also found to induce the cellsurface down-regulation of the viral receptors ephrin-B2 and ephrin-B3. | en |
| dc.description.note | October 2007 | en |
| dc.format.extent | 29099913 bytes | |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | |
| dc.identifier.citation | Sawatsky, Bevan, Allen Grolla, Nina Kuzenko, Hana Weingartl & Markus Czub (2007). Inhibition of henipavirus infection by Nipah virus attachment glycoprotein occurs without cell-surface downregulation of ephrin-B2 or ephrin-B3. Journal of General Virology 88(2):582-591 | en |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/1993/2809 | |
| dc.language.iso | eng | en_US |
| dc.rights | open access | en_US |
| dc.subject | Nipah virus | en |
| dc.subject | attachment glycoprotein | en |
| dc.subject | transgenic cells | en |
| dc.subject | fusion inhibition | en |
| dc.subject | ephrin-B2 | en |
| dc.subject | ephrin-B3 | en |
| dc.subject | chimeric glycoproteins | en |
| dc.subject | chimeric viruses | en |
| dc.subject | viral interference | en |
| dc.subject | paramyxovirus | en |
| dc.title | Functional characterization of the attachment glycoprotein of Nipah virus: role in fusion, inhibition of henipavirus infection, generation of chimeric proteins, and assembly of chimeric viruses | en |
| dc.type | doctoral thesis | en_US |