Garlic extracts prevent oxidative stress, hypertrophy and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes: a role for nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide

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dc.contributor.authorLouis, Xavier L
dc.contributor.authorMurphy, Ryan
dc.contributor.authorThandapilly, Sijo J
dc.contributor.authorYu, Liping
dc.contributor.authorNetticadan, Thomas
dc.date.accessioned2012-12-10T20:06:22Z
dc.date.available2012-12-10T20:06:22Z
dc.date.issued2012-08-29
dc.date.updated2012-12-10T20:06:23Z
dc.description.abstractAbstract Background In ancient times, plants were recognized for their medicinal properties. Later, the arrival of synthetic drugs pushed it to the backstage. However, from being merely used for food, plants are now been widely explored for their therapeutic value. The current study explores the potential of skin and flesh extracts from a hard-necked Rocambole variety of purple garlic in preventing cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cell death. Methods Norepinephrine (NE) was used to induce hypertrophy in adult rat cardiomyocytes pretreated with garlic skin and flesh extracts. Cell death was measured as ratio of rod to round shaped cardiomyocytes. Fluorescent probes were used to measure apoptosis and oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes treated with and without extracts and NE. Pharmacological blockade of nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) were used to elucidate the mechanism of action of garlic extracts. Garlic extract samples were also tested for alliin and allicin concentrations. Results Exposure of cardiomyocytes to NE induced an increase in cell size and cell death; this increase was significantly prevented upon treatment with garlic skin and flesh extracts. Norepinephrine increased apoptosis and oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes which was prevented upon pretreatment with skin and flesh extracts; NO, and H2S blockers significantly inhibited this beneficial effect. Allicin and alliin concentration were significantly higher in garlic flesh extract when compared to the skin extract. Conclusion These results suggest that both skin and flesh garlic extracts are effective in preventing NE induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cell death. Reduction in oxidative stress may also play an important role in the anti-hypertrophic and anti-apoptotic properties of garlic extracts. These beneficial effects may in part be mediated by NO and H2S.
dc.description.versionPeer Reviewed
dc.identifier.citationBMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2012 Aug 29;12(1):140
dc.identifier.doihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-12-140
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1993/12446
dc.language.rfc3066en
dc.rightsopen accessen_US
dc.rights.holderXavier Louis et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
dc.titleGarlic extracts prevent oxidative stress, hypertrophy and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes: a role for nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide
dc.typeJournal Article
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