Infant gut microbiota and the hygiene hypothesis of allergic disease: impact of household pets and siblings on microbiota composition and diversity

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dc.contributor.authorAzad, Meghan B
dc.contributor.authorKonya, Theodore
dc.contributor.authorMaughan, Heather
dc.contributor.authorGuttman, David S
dc.contributor.authorField, Catherine J
dc.contributor.authorSears, Malcolm R
dc.contributor.authorBecker, Allan B
dc.contributor.authorScott, James A
dc.contributor.authorKozyrskyj, Anita L
dc.contributor.authorCHILD Study Investigators
dc.date.accessioned2013-05-15T19:03:05Z
dc.date.available2013-05-15T19:03:05Z
dc.date.issued2013-04-22
dc.date.updated2013-05-15T19:03:05Z
dc.description.abstractAbstract Background Multiple studies have demonstrated that early-life exposure to pets or siblings affords protection against allergic disease; these associations are commonly attributed to the “hygiene hypothesis”. Recently, low diversity of the infant gut microbiota has also been linked to allergic disease. In this study, we characterize the infant gut microbiota in relation to pets and siblings. Methods The study population comprised a small sub-sample of 24 healthy, full term infants from the Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development (CHILD) birth cohort. Mothers reported on household pets and siblings. Fecal samples were collected at 4 months of age, and microbiota composition was characterized by high-throughput signature gene sequencing. Results Microbiota richness and diversity tended to be increased in infants living with pets, whereas these measures were decreased in infants with older siblings. Infants living with pets exhibited under-representation of Bifidobacteriaceae and over-representation of Peptostreptococcaceae; infants with older siblings exhibited under-representation of Peptostreptococcaceae. Conclusions This study provides new evidence that exposure to pets and siblings may influence the early development of the gut microbiota, with potential implications for allergic disease. These two traditionally protective “hygiene hypothesis” factors appear to differentially impact gut microbiota composition and diversity, calling into question the clinical significance of these measures. Further research is required to confirm and expand these findings.
dc.description.versionPeer Reviewed
dc.identifier.citationAllergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology. 2013 Apr 22;9(1):15
dc.identifier.doihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1710-1492-9-15
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1993/20394
dc.language.rfc3066en
dc.rightsopen accessen_US
dc.rights.holderMeghan B Azad et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
dc.titleInfant gut microbiota and the hygiene hypothesis of allergic disease: impact of household pets and siblings on microbiota composition and diversity
dc.typeJournal Article
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