Detection of drug influx and efflux into/from Pseudomonas bacteria by electrochemistry
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Date
2021-04-01
Authors
Islam, Md Rafiqul
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Abstract
Antimicrobial-resistant bacteria are emerging rapidly and causing antibiotics to become ineffective to treat infectious diseases which pose a threat to global public health. Multidrug-resistant bacteria are spreading rapidly and threaten to make it impossible to treat infections caused by these bacteria. Bacteria possess different types of mechanisms of antibiotic resistance. It is reported that modifications of membrane permeability, such as decreasing drug uptake (influx) and overexpression of efflux pumps that expel antibiotics from periplasm to the outside of the cell, are key contributors to the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Therefore, the development of rapid, sensitive detection techniques for antibiotic resistance is a significant focus in clinical diagnosis, disease control, environmental monitoring, and food safety. Electrochemical methods are advantageous as analytical tools due to their simplicity, high selectivity, sensitivity, rapid analysis and cost effectiveness. This thesis focuses on the development of robust electrochemical methods to quantify influx and efflux from bacteria. It covers the electrochemical characterization of common antibiotics and antibiotic hybrid molecules. This thesis demonstrates potential applications of drug influx and efflux quantification in bacterial cells using cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry.
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Keywords
Antibiotic resistance, Electrochemistry, Drug influx and efflux