Battery energy storage systems for primary frequency regulation in power systems
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Date
2023-03-29
Authors
Attanayaka, Harindya
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Abstract
Due to the increasing deployment of renewable energy resources, the proportion of conventional
power plants is declining. As a result, reduction of frequency-regulation capability
has become a significant challenge to be addressed. To mitigate this issue, battery energy
storage systems are a favorable candidate owing to their fast response, high energy density,
and diversity of battery chemistries.
This thesis provides an improved adaptive state of charge-based droop control strategy
for battery energy storage systems participating in primary frequency regulation in a
large network. The proposed method has dual features including providing/absorbing power
to/from the grid considering state-of-charge, and also enhancing short-term frequency response
by giving an additional boost to the droop coefficient to reduce the maximum frequency
dip/rise. It also allows batteries with a low state of charge to participate in frequency
regulation without risking battery degradation or regulation failure.
The performance of the proposed method is compared with three existing methods and
comprehensive simulation studies are conducted to investigate the response of the grid-side
and battery-side converter parameters while undergoing multiple contingencies. The
proposed frequency regulation method has shown an improved frequency response in terms
of maximum frequency dip/rise, compared with frequently utilized methods in the literature. From the grid’s viewpoint, the proposed method is beneficial as it fully utilizes the capacity of
the battery energy storage system to support a weak grid with high penetration of renewable
energy resources without exhausting the batteries.
Description
Keywords
Primary Frequency Regulation, Battery Energy Storage Systems