Production of activated carbon from agricultural waste and investigation of its efficiency for textile wastewater treatment
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Date
2022-01
Authors
Donyanavard, Parvin
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Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential of Moringa stenopetala seed husks (MSSH) for making activated carbon and its applicability as an adsorbent for removing Reactive Black 5 (RB5) and Basic Blue 3 (BB3) from textile effluent. To produce activated carbon, the MSSH was first impregnated with H3PO4 at a ratio of 3:1 followed by pyrolysis at 400 ℃ and 500 ℃ under N2 flow for 1 hour. BET analysis showed a higher surface area (1693 m2/g) for the sample carbonized at the higher temperature, which was selected for the rest of the experiments. Adsorption studies were conducted at different pH, contact time, activated carbon doses, and initial dyes concentrations. Results showed that Langmuir isotherm can better describe adsorption data indicating a monolayer coverage on the adsorbent surface. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of prepared activated carbon was found to be 833 and 67 mg/g for BB3 and RB5, respectively, which shows the produced activated carbon has a higher affinity toward cationic dyes. Based on the kinetic studies, the adsorption of the dyes onto the prepared activated carbon well followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. In experiments performed with synthetic textile wastewater, 100% dye removal was achieved at pH 6 in one hour by applying 3 g/L activated carbon when the concentration of each dye was as high as100 mg/L. The results of this study revealed that MSSH can be used to produce sustainable activated carbon which is competitive to the commercial one and has high efficiency for complete dye removal from textile wastewater.
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Keywords
Moringa Stenopetala, Activated carbon, Adsorption, Dye removal, Textile wastewater, Reactive Black 5, Basic Blue 3, Moringa Stenopetala, Activated carbon, Adsorption, Dye removal, Textile wastewater, Reactive Black 5, Basic Blue 3