Weight stigma and perinatal care: perspectives of women with high BMI and dietitians
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Existing research has explored the experiences of weight discrimination among clients with a high body mass index (BMI) and physician perceptions of these clients. Of those with high BMI, a sub-population garnering additional academic attention are women with high BMI seeking reproductive care. Literature is beginning to show that these women face discrimination and inequity within healthcare, ranging from mild weight stigma to outright denial of care. Missing from the research, is a focus on client experiences with allied health professionals, with no research on perinatal dietetic care from the perspective of both clients with high BMI and dietitians providing this care. To fill this research gap, this thesis uses a fat studies methodology with a specific focus on critical dietetics to explore weight stigma from the perspective of women with high BMI who have sought perinatal dietetic care and the perspective of dietitians who provide this care Manitoba, Canada. For this qualitative study, 90-minute interviews were completed with 10 women with high BMI and 10 dietitians. Most of the women with high BMI described “good” perinatal dietetic care experiences, which included a focus on health not weight, were empowering, and were tailored to the clients’ lives. Other participants described “vanilla” care experiences, which did not consider clients’ unique circumstances and were sometimes ultimately harmful. Finally, two participants described “bad” care experiences, which were described as “harsh,” “traumatizing,” and weight stigmatizing. All of the women with high BMI and most of the dietitian participants advocated for a “health not weight” approach in perinatal dietetic care and made recommendations for how health care providers can move toward such an approach. As this research provides rich insight into the lived experiences of women with high BMI during the perinatal period, and includes the voices of dietitians, it can contribute to informing best practice guidelines for weight-inclusive perinatal dietetic care, that focuses on health not weight and is more compassionate, nurturing, and nourishing. Further, as voices of those with high BMI are limited in the literature, this research may support transferability to inform best practice guidelines for weight-inclusive care more broadly.