Optimizing the use of canola meal in swine diets for lifetime performance
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Date
2019
Authors
Mejicanos, Gustavo Adolfo
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Abstract
The objective of this research was to study the optimization of the use of Brassica napus canola meal (CM) in swine diets. Chapter one had introduced the field of study, which helped to generate the research questions. Chapter two provided review information on means and techniques of improving the nutritive value of CM. Chapter three presents the hypothesis and objectives of the study. Chapter four studied the effect of high CM inclusion on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and fecal bacteria in piglets fed corn or wheat-based diets. During phase-I, pigs fed wheat-CM had higher feed efficiency (G:F) than pigs fed corn-soybean meal (SBM) diet. The inclusion of CM influenced crude protein (CP), energy digestibility, and fecal microbial community, without affecting voluntary feed intake and body weight (BW) gain. Chapter five studied phosphorus (P) digestibility. Results indicated that feeding dehulled canola meal (DCM) increased apparent (ATTD) and standardized total tract digestibility (STTD) of P in pigs of different BW. For growing pigs, the ATTD and STTD of P were greater for DCM (42.4 and 46.1%) than for regular canola meal (RCM; 32 and 35.7%) and coarse canola meal (CCM; 24.5 and 28.4%). In chapter six, the effect of tail-end dehulling of CM on apparent (AID) and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA) when fed to growing pigs were determined. Dehulling increased the SID AA content of DCM compared to RCM by an average of 9%. Chapter seven investigated the effect of dietary supplementation of xylanase on a wheat-based diet containing CM. No effect on growth performance was found. However, a protein-xylanase effect on the ATTD of NDF (P < 0.05) was observed, and xylanase supplementation on RCM and DCM diets increased NDF digestibility. The ATTD of CP, P, Ca, ileum, and colon digesta pH was greater (P < 0.05) with xylanase supplementation. Xylanase supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the weight of the liver and spleen. A tendency (P < 0.10) for higher acetic acid concentration in the colon digesta of pigs fed diets containing CCM was observed. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of xylanase increased nutrient digestibility and digesta pH but did not influence growth performance of weaned pigs fed wheat and CM-based diets over a 35-d period.
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Keywords
Amino acid, Canola meal, Dehulling, Digestibility, Fecal bacteria, Growth performance, Phosphorus, Pig, Xylanase