AIM: This study compared the consumption of proinflammatory foods, as measured by the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) scores, between those with late stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) and individuals without CKD and between men and women with late stage CKD, in a Canadian nationally representative sample. METHOD: The current study used data from the Canadian Health Measures Survey – Cycle 3. RESULTS: T-tests revealed significant differences in the DII scores between individuals without CKD and those with late stage CKD, as well as between men and women with late stage CKD. A linear regression revealed that DII scores predicted eGFR in the general population. In separate regressions, DII scores predicted BMI and high cholesterol, even after controlling for other factors. CONCLUSION: This study contributes to current research on CKD and may lead to dietary prevention strategies.