The extraction of bitumen from oil sands can increase levels of sodium and chloride in boreal forest soils. A study was designed to test the effect of 30 and 60 mmol/L NaCl on 6-month-old tamarack (Larix laricina (Du Roi) ...

A greenhouse study was designed to test the response of red-osier dogwood (Cornus sericea L.) to NaCl during the onset of bud break. Seedlings treated with 50 mmol center dot L-1 NaCl for 32 d had lower shoot dry mass and ...

Sequencing batch reactors, at 10 degrees C, operating near the minimum solids retention time (washout conditions) for nitrification, were seeded daily with nitrifying biomass acclimated to 10 and 20 degrees C. Effluent ...

This work investigated the technical feasibility of composting digested municipal biosolids using outdoor windrows in an extremely cold climate. Common belief suggested this was not possible because of low ambient temperatures ...

The photochemistry of diethyl E,E-2,3-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzylidene)succinate (8) is solvent dependent. In both protic and aprotic solvents, there is a photoequilibrium established between 8 and its E,Z-isomer (9). In ...

A major experiment - the tunnel sealing experiment, related to the disposal of heat generating radioactive wastes in geological formations and supported by government organizations from Japan, France, U.S.A., and Canada, ...

Lichens are an important component of most terrestrial ecosystems including the subarctic tundra. A narrow band of raised calcareous beach ridges on the Hudson Bay Lowlands supports subarctic tundra alternating with incipient ...

Treated as a valuable resource, municipal sludge, often today referred to as biosolids, is processed through a variety of novel unit operations leading to a safe, aesthetically pleasing, and sought-after product. The design ...

The paper proposes a new elastic-plastic framework for unsaturated, high-plasticity, clayey soils and sand-clay mixtures. The framework considers possible coupling of stress- and suction-induced hardening, leading to a ...

In this paper, the far-field phase shift properties of microstrip patch antennas are investigated. It is shown that, similar to reflectarrays, the resonant nature of microstrip patches can be used to change the phase of ...