A mental skills package for Special Olympic athletes

Abstract

The primary objectives of this study were to involve Special Olympic athletes in a mental skills training program, replicate the findings of other researchers (Wanlin, Hrycaiko, Martin, & Mahon, 1997), and improve participants' track and field performance, while assessing both practice and competition outcomes. The study attempted to decrease frequency and duration of off-task behaviours, increase self-efficacy of participants, and teach participants mental skills. A single-subject, multiple-baseline design across individuals was used. Participants were four Special Olympic track and field athletes. Frequency and duration of off-task behaviours decreased. Consistency of athletic performance was enhanced as the intervention progressed. The findings of Wanlin et al. (1997) were partially replicated. Athletes had a high rate of goal attainment. There were no significant changes in level of self-efficacy. The social validity assessment indicated the athletes and coach felt positive about the mental skills package.