Understanding the right to education under the Hukou system in China: from a human rights perspective

Abstract

This paper critically examines the Chinese Hukou system’s impact on children’s right to education within the framework of international human rights law. Despite reforms, the Hukou system continues to create significant disparities in educational opportunities among children with different Hukou status, leading to widespread socio-economic inequalities. From a human rights perspective, this study explores how the right to education is violated through an analysis of the interconnectedness of education, housing, and family rights within the Hukou system, and proposes policy recommendations to enhance educational access for all children in China.