Improving MMOD shield performance through control of debris cloud deflection
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The increasing threat posed by centimeter-sized orbital debris, a consequence of increased anthropogenic activities in space, highlights the necessity for advanced, lightweight shielding solutions for spacecraft. This research introduces the ENSURE (Enhanced SURvivability Element) concept, developed by the UM-ORDER Group, which focuses on the redesign of structural components, such as panels, to enhance their protective capabilities without a significant increase in mass. This study explores the deployment of shielding system integrated within the antenna panel structures of satellites, forming a complicated protection system designed to fragment and disperse debris clouds, thereby mitigating impact risks over extensive stand-off-distance. The design leverages the adaptability of the deflectors to the directional characteristics of orbital debris threats, providing a versatile shielding solution. To achieve a strong conceptual design, the study employs the γ-SPH (improved smooth-particle hydrodynamics) method within the IMPETUS software package. This method facilitates the development of precise numerical models. The shielding system is designed by evaluating variables such as the deflector's angle and thickness. The findings reveal that single-deflector systems are ideal for long stand-off-distances, while dual-deflector configurations are more effective for short stand-off-distances. The research highlights the significant efficacy of deflectors in redirecting debris fragments and reducing the density of debris clouds, thereby enhancing spacecraft survivability against larger orbital debris impacts.