According to the corrected returns of the fifth census the total population of Canada on June 1, 1911 was 7,206,643 which represents an increase of 1,835,328 since the previous census of April 1, 1901. Thus, during this period the rate of increase was 34.17 p.c. which is the largest increase of any country in the world, and which is due to the heavy tide of immigration which set in with the beginning of the present century. If we calculate from the total of 3,729,665 square miles we thus find that the average density of the population of Canada is 1.93 per square mile