Breathing Mannequin Pump System
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Date
2014-12-01
Authors
Devlin, Tyler
Sharkey, Liam
Tabbernor, David
Trotter, Katherine
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Abstract
Over the past three months, Team 6 has worked with Price Industries Ltd. to develop a pump system that accurately simulates the breathing of a human in an indoor environment. The objective of our project was to replicate human respiration in terms of flow rate, temperature, CO2 composition and exit velocity. To develop our design, we studied the breathing thermal mannequin project completed by the 2013 design team. To create a suitable design, we outlined our objectives; target specifications; requirements, constraints and limitations; and developed a project schedule. Subsequently, we proceeded to determine ways to meet our Client’s needs. The potential solutions were screened and scored, which enabled us to determine the most feasible solution. Finally, we completed the project by producing a bill of materials (BOM), as well as 3D models and engineering drawings of our design. Our final design consists of a pump, a pressure tank with a CO2 injection system, a timed solenoid valve, a heating system, and a nozzle. Ambient air enters a diaphragm pump that has a displacement of 6 L/min, thus replicating the flow rate of human respiration. Air from the pump then mixes with CO2 inside a 1-gallon pressure tank. After mixing, the air and CO2 then leave the tank via a solenoid valve. This valve is programmed electronically to open for 2.5 seconds at 5-second intervals to replicate the exhalation rate of a human. The air then moves through a heating system which consists of a copper tube wrapped with a heat cord with a length of 10 ft. and an outer diameter of 1/2” to reach the target air temperature of 33°C. The heating system is supplemented with thermal insulation and a PID controller. Finally, the air exits at the required velocity via a nylon wye connector, which serves as a nozzle that separates the flow. The flow separation permits the air mixture to have the same exit velocity as that in human respiration. The velocity characteristics replicated are the velocity magnitude of 1.41 m/s; and the exit angles of 60° and 69° below the horizontal relative to front and […]