Understanding work-life balance: organizational predictors, effect on job satisfaction, and moderation by age and gender
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Date
2020
Authors
Ruan, Yuan
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Abstract
Work-life balance is closely related to the well-being of both individuals and organizations, thus raising great interest from researchers. Antecedents and outcomes of work-life balance have been widely studied in the past. In this study, relationships between work-life balance and three work-related predictors (i.e., personal income, flexible work schedule, and work stress), and one work-related outcome (i.e., job satisfaction) were examined from a perspective of age and gender, using the theory of resource allocation. In Study 1, using data from the 2016 General Social Survey (GSS), I found that personal income was associated with work-life balance, moderated by gender; work stress was associated with work-life balance, moderated by age. In Study 2, using MTurk sample, I found further support for the effect of personal income on work-life balance, and demonstrated this effect was mediated by job demands. Further support was also found for the effect of work stress on work-life balance, which was mediated by psychological detachment. However, Study 2 did not replicate the moderating effects of gender and age. Theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed.
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Keywords
Work-life balance, Age, Gender