Using spatial epidemiology as a tool to better understand influenza-like illnesses

Abstract

Influenza is a population health issue in Canada, with an annual infection rate of 10-25% of the population. The purpose of this thesis was to analyze influenza-like illnesses (ILI) from 2004-05 through to 2008-09, both spatially and temporally, throughout the province of Manitoba. The analysis used a framework specific to spatial analysis, and incorporated the principles of population health and ecological frameworks. The underlying objectives of the research were to better understand the patterns of ILI diagnoses as well as the characteristics of those diagnosed. Maps were created to show the results from various perspectives and negative binomial regression analysis was used to test which, if any, of the chosen variables were significant. Based on this research, one could conclude that although clusters of ILI do exist in Manitoba, a clear relationship does not exist between the determinants of health and ILI.