Immediate and delayed suppression of type I interferon induction in porcine immune cells by Nipah virus Malaysia V protein
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Date
2019-09-03
Authors
Casey, Graham
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Abstract
Nipah virus Malaysia genotype (NiV-M) is an emerging zoonotic paramyxovirus. The non-structural P gene products of NiV-M (the V and W proteins) have been implicated in the block of type I interferon signaling, but live virus investigations of their roles in the porcine host are lacking. In this investigation, recombinant NiV-M that do not express either the V or W proteins were used to examine the relevance of these proteins to the induction of type I IFN in porcine immune cells. The V protein was found to be important to the production of infectious virus in porcine immune cells by limiting the production of type I IFNs both immediately after entry and later in the infectious cycle. Immunogold electron microscopy (IEM) imaging indicated that the NiV-M V and W proteins are incorporated into the NiV-M virion by attachments to the nucleocapsid. These findings show that the V protein of NiV-M suppresses type I IFN production throughout infection of porcine immune cells and demonstrate a mechanism by which NiV-M modulates the immune response in swine.
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Keywords
Nipah virus, Interferon evasion, Porcine immunity