Secondary data analysis of nutritional status of Canadians using the Canadian Community Health Survey and the Canadian Health Measures Survey
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Date
2014, 2015, 2016, 2016
Authors
Mudryj, Adriana
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Abstract
Data from the Canadian Community Health Survey, 2.2 (N=32,776) and 3 cycles of the Canadian Health Measures Survey (N=15,754) were used for this thesis. The general objectives of this thesis were to: 1) explore the impact of soy and pulse food consumption as a healthy food source in the Canadian diet, 2) examine the post-fortification folate intake and red blood cell folate status of the average Canadian and 3) explore new methodological developments in estimating nutrient intakes based on food frequency data and correlations of nutrient intakes with blood nutrient levels. Results indicated that soy consumption was associated with an improvement in dietary quality of Canadians; however, neither pulse or soy consumption did not appear to relate to the nutrient profile of Manitobans 2-18 years but instead shed light on their overall poor eating habits. Secondary analysis highlighted potential groups who may be at risk for adverse health effects linked with their habitual folic acid intake. In particular 18% of respondents who reported consuming vitamin/mineral supplements containing folic acid were above the Upper Intake Level, and 25% had elevated blood folate levels, potentially increasing their risk for certain health problems associated with overconsumption. Using regression model parameters and “fitted” portion sizes were found to be reasonable approaches for estimating nutrient intakes from food frequency questionnaires, if 24 hr recall data is available. This thesis allows insight into nutritional short-comings of Canadians, demonstrates the potential amelioration of certain nutrient intakes such as protein and fibre by the inclusion of key foods in the diet (soy and pulse) and sheds light on potential adverse effects associated with fortification policy as well as aids in the development of new approaches in utilizing food frequency data to estimate nutrient intakes. Outcomes from this study may allow for the possibility of future recommendations to be made in regards to nutrient intake, supplement use and public health and nutrition policy.
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Keywords
Nutrition, Dietary recall, Secondary analysis, Nutritional epidemiology, Eating patterns, Pulses, Soy, Folate
Citation
Mudryj, Adriana N., Nancy Yu, and Harold M. Aukema. "Nutritional and health benefits of pulses." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 39.11 (2014): 1197-1204.
Mudryj, Adriana N., Harold M. Aukema, and Nancy Yu. "Intake patterns and dietary associations of soya protein consumption in adults and children in the Canadian Community Health Survey, Cycle 2.2." British Journal of Nutrition 113.02 (2015): 299-309.
Mudryj, Adriana N., et al. "Nutrient and Food Group Intakes of Manitoba Children and Youth: A Population-Based Analysis by Pulse and Soy Consumption Status." Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research 77.4 (2016): 189-194.
Mudryj, Adriana N., et al. "Folate intakes from diet and supplements may place certain Canadians at risk for folic acid toxicity." British Journal of Nutrition 116.7 (2016): 1236-1245.
Mudryj, Adriana N., Harold M. Aukema, and Nancy Yu. "Intake patterns and dietary associations of soya protein consumption in adults and children in the Canadian Community Health Survey, Cycle 2.2." British Journal of Nutrition 113.02 (2015): 299-309.
Mudryj, Adriana N., et al. "Nutrient and Food Group Intakes of Manitoba Children and Youth: A Population-Based Analysis by Pulse and Soy Consumption Status." Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research 77.4 (2016): 189-194.
Mudryj, Adriana N., et al. "Folate intakes from diet and supplements may place certain Canadians at risk for folic acid toxicity." British Journal of Nutrition 116.7 (2016): 1236-1245.