A mathematical model to simulate the supercooling process and frazil ice evolution in a counter-rotating flume was developed. It considers the effect of frazil ice thermal growth while neglecting several complicated physical ...

A series of experiments was carried out using a counter-rotating flume that is housed in a computer-controlled cold room. A digital image process system (DIPS) was used to observe frazil ice processes. In particular, the ...

A model to simulate the supercooling process and frazil ice evolution in a counter-rotating flume is developed based on a series of laboratory experiments. The characteristics of the supercooling process were found to be ...

A series of laboratory studies was carried out on anchor ice evolution around rocks and on gravel beds. Different arrangements of rocks were set on the flume bed, and two digital cameras were used to monitor the growth ...