A Survey Study Exploring the Perceived Communication Barriers and Facilitators Between Primary Care Providers and Patients with Intellectual Developmental Disabilities

Abstract

Introduction: Patients with Intellectual and Developmental Disorder (IDD) have been found to have greater risks of developing physical illnesses and mental health conditions requiring access to tailored healthcare services. Effective communication is important in ensuring patient safety and optimal health outcomes. Hence, it is important to understand what features are lacking, and noted strengths in communications to provide further insights and next steps in improving patient-centered care. Methods: This survey study adopts a mixed methods design. Participants are recruited through convenience sampling from sites in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. Survey questionnaires aim to evaluate primary care providers’ perceptions of barriers and facilitators encountered in health communications, and suggestions for next steps. Result: N=27 participants completed the survey. There are no statistically significant differences among the various variables. For barriers, cognitive impairment, insufficient stakeholders' involvement in health decision-making processes, and inadequate space and time for communication and collaboration are comparatively more significant. For facilitators, supporters' roles in advocating for the healthcare needs of individuals with IDDs, additional consultation time for patient education, and interprofessional collaboration were some of the more prominent factors positively influencing communications. Themes generated from the qualitative data provided further insights into the impacts support workers, teamwork, and the consent process have on health communications. Conclusion: This study suggested that more consistency in the roles of support workers, increased staff training, prolonged consultation duration, enhanced collaboration during the health consent process, and multidisciplinary collaboration are some of the strategies to further enhance health communications among patients with IDDs.