The Stromal Vascular Fraction of Autologous Fat Graft Induces Proliferation of Normal and Tumour-Adjacent Breast Tissue
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Date
2015-06-01
Authors
Blelloch, Sarah
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Abstract
Autologous fat grafting is frequently used in breast cancer patients post mastectomy. Progenitor cells
contained in Stromal Vascular Fraction, herein known as SVF, may have proliferative effects on breast
parenchymal cells. To our knowledge, no study has looked at the direct effect of SVF on breast
parenchymal cells outside the tumor free margins on mastectomy specimens. This study investigates
the role of autogous fat graft SVF on the growth of normal and breast cancer adjacent parenchymal
cells. Methods: Samples (n=4) of abdominal fat and histologically normal breast tissue both from a
tumour-free breast and from a cancerous breast outside the tumour-free margins were obtained. The
presence of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) within the SVF cell population was assessed
using established cell surface marker and differentiation assays. Next, the presence of progenitor cells
in normal breast and breast tumour-adjacent parenchymal samples were quantified using a
colony-forming cell (CFC) assay. SVF cells and both populations of breast parenchymal cells were
cultured together in Matrigel, with a control culture lacking SVF. After 14 days, the total cell numbers
and breast progenitor cell populations from each culture group were quantified using CFC assays.
Results: Differentiation assays demonstrated presence of MSCs and vascular endothelial progenitor
cells in SVF samples. Cultures of normal breast parenchymal cells with SVF led to a 3.35-fold
expansion of breast progenitors. Cultures of breast tumour-adjacent parenchymal cells with SVF led to
a 9-fold expansion of breast progenitors, compared to a 2-fold expansion when cultured alone.
Conclusion: SVF is capable of increasing the proliferation of breast progenitor cells in both non-tumour
and tumour-adjacent breast tissue. This increase is larger in the tumour-adjacent tissue. As a result,
this study demonstrates a significant interaction between SVF within autologous fat grafts and
cancer-adjacent breast tissue.
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Keywords
Autologous Fat Graft, Breast Tissue