<front xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.0/xsd/JATS-journalpublishing1.xsd">
    <journal-meta>
        <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">CJIDMM</journal-id>
        <journal-title-group>
            <journal-title>Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology</journal-title>
        </journal-title-group>
        <issn pub-type="ppub">1712-9532</issn>
        <publisher>
            <publisher-name>Pulsus Group Inc</publisher-name>
        </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
        <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">830415</article-id>
        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1155/2015/830415</article-id>
        <article-categories>
            <subj-group>
                <subject>Original Article</subject>
            </subj-group>
        </article-categories>
        <title-group>
            <article-title>Urinary Tract Infection Diagnosis and Response to Therapy in Long-Term Care: A Prospective Observational Study</article-title>
        </title-group>
        <contrib-group>
            <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes" id="U97249386">
                <name>
                    <surname>Daley</surname>
                    <given-names>Peter</given-names>
                </name>
                <email>pkd336@mun.ca</email>
                <xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">
                    <sup>1</sup>
                </xref>
            </contrib>
            <contrib contrib-type="author" id="U52974520">
                <name>
                    <surname>Penney</surname>
                    <given-names>Carla</given-names>
                </name>
                <xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">
                    <sup>1</sup>
                </xref>
            </contrib>
            <contrib contrib-type="author" id="U83128426">
                <name>
                    <surname>Wakeham</surname>
                    <given-names>Susan</given-names>
                </name>
                <xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">
                    <sup>1</sup>
                </xref>
            </contrib>
            <contrib contrib-type="author" id="U51036756">
                <name>
                    <surname>Compton</surname>
                    <given-names>Glenda</given-names>
                </name>
                <xref ref-type="aff" rid="I2">
                    <sup>2</sup>
                </xref>
            </contrib>
            <contrib contrib-type="author" id="U73061854">
                <name>
                    <surname>McKim</surname>
                    <given-names>Aaron</given-names>
                </name>
                <xref ref-type="aff" rid="I2">
                    <sup>2</sup>
                </xref>
            </contrib>
            <contrib contrib-type="author" id="U95496873">
                <name>
                    <surname>O&#x2019;Keefe</surname>
                    <given-names>Judy</given-names>
                </name>
                <xref ref-type="aff" rid="I2">
                    <sup>2</sup>
                </xref>
            </contrib>
            <contrib contrib-type="author" id="U54127913">
                <name>
                    <surname>Barrett</surname>
                    <given-names>Brendan</given-names>
                </name>
                <xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">
                    <sup>1</sup>
                </xref>
            </contrib>
            <contrib contrib-type="author" id="U32565818">
                <name>
                    <surname>Nicolle</surname>
                    <given-names>Lindsay</given-names>
                </name>
                <xref ref-type="aff" rid="I3">
                    <sup>3</sup>
                </xref>
            </contrib>
        </contrib-group>
        <aff id="I1">
            <sup>1</sup>
            <addr-line>Memorial University</addr-line>
            <addr-line>Winnipeg</addr-line>
            <addr-line>Manitoba</addr-line>
            <country>Canada</country>
            <ext-link ext-link-type="domain-name">mun.ca</ext-link>
        </aff>
        <aff id="I2">
            <sup>2</sup>
            <addr-line>Long-Term Care</addr-line>
            <addr-line>Eastern Health, St John&#x2019;s</addr-line>
            <addr-line>Newfoundland and Labrador</addr-line>
            <addr-line>Winnipeg</addr-line>
            <addr-line>Manitoba</addr-line>
            <country>Canada</country>
        </aff>
        <aff id="I3">
            <sup>3</sup>
            <addr-line>University of Manitoba</addr-line>
            <addr-line>Winnipeg</addr-line>
            <addr-line>Manitoba</addr-line>
            <country>Canada</country>
            <ext-link ext-link-type="domain-name">umanitoba.ca</ext-link>
        </aff>
        <pub-date pub-type="publication-year">
            <year>2015</year>
        </pub-date>
        <volume>26</volume>
        <issue>3</issue>
        <fpage>133</fpage>
        <lpage>136</lpage>
        <permissions>
            <copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
            <copyright-holder>Copyright &#xa9; 2015 Hindawi Publishing Corporation.</copyright-holder>
            <license license-type="open-access">
                <license-p>This open-access article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (CC BY-NC) (<ext-link xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/</ext-link>), which permits reuse, distribution and reproduction of the article, provided that the original work is properly cited and the reuse is restricted to noncommercial purposes.</license-p>
            </license>
        </permissions>
        <abstract>
            <p>BACKGROUND: The prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria among residents of long-term care (LTC) facilities is high, and is a source of inappropriate antibiotic prescription.</p>
            <p>OBJECTIVE: To establish symptoms and signs associated with a positive urine culture, and to determine whether antibiotic therapy is associated with functional improvement.</p>
            <p>METHODS: A total of 101 LTC patients were prospectively observed after submission of urine for culture.</p>
            <p>RESULTS: The culture positivity rate was consistent with the expected asymptomatic bacteriuria rate. Change in mental status and male sex were associated with culture positivity. Treatment decisions were not consistent with culture results. Treatment did not lead to improvement in activities of daily living scores at two days or seven days.</p>
            <p>DISCUSSION: Significant growth cannot be well predicted based on clinical variables; thus, the decision to submit urine is somewhat arbitrary. Because urine culture testing and treatment does not lead to functional improvement, restricting access to the test may be reasonable.</p>
            <p>CONCLUSION: Urine culture testing in LTC facilities does not lead to functional improvement.</p>
        </abstract>
        <kwd-group>
            <kwd>Antibiotic stewardship</kwd>
            <kwd>Asymptomatic bacteriuria</kwd>
            <kwd>Diagnosis</kwd>
            <kwd>Long-term care</kwd>
            <kwd>Urinary tract infection</kwd>
        </kwd-group>
        <counts>
            <ref-count count="15"/>
            <page-count count="4"/>
        </counts>
    </article-meta>
</front>